Between the demise of the Roman 'circus' and the foundation of Astley's Amphitheatre in London some 1300 years later, the nearest thing to a circus ring was the rough circle formed by the curious onlookers who gathered around the itinerant tumbler or juggler on a village green. [158], Colosseum, Rome (70–80 AD), Roman venue for mass entertainment. It demonstrates that while some films, particularly those in the Hollywood tradition that combines "realism and melodramatic romanticism",[96] are intended as a form of escapism, others require a deeper engagement or more thoughtful response from their audiences. 1 Traditional instruments used to accompany dance (Tibet, 1949), 2 Children's choir providing musical entertainment (Soviet Union, 1979), 3 Ensemble entertains travellers in the Paris Métro (2002), 4 Drummer playing Boduberu (Maldives, 2010), 5 Choir and orchestra in ecclesiastical setting (Italy, 2008), 6 Contemporary audience in ancient outdoor stadium (Greece, 2009), 7 A concert with a 3D enhanced stage (Singapore, 2010), 8 Concert hall audience (Netherlands, 2010), 9 Crowd surfing at a concert (France, 2011), 10 Woman listening privately to music through headphones (Russia, 2010). [33], Like court entertainment, royal occasions such as coronations and weddings provided opportunities to entertain both the aristocracy and the people. Many of these games, such as marbles, hide-and-seek, blowing soap bubbles and piggyback riding continue to be played. "[98] Whether from Africa, Asia or Europe, dance is constantly negotiating the realms of political, social, spiritual and artistic influence. a movie theater, spa, bowling, laser games, virtual experiences), 40 different stores and hotel[159]. Packaged entertainment35mm film reels in boxes, Choosing music from a record store (Germany, 1988), Ticket showing electronic barcode (Valencia, 2005). Stories may be told wordlessly, in music, dance or puppetry for example, such as in the Javanese tradition of wayang, in which the performance is accompanied by a gamelan orchestra or the similarly traditional Punch and Judy show. Advertisement for 1889 Paris Universal Exposition, Audience queuing for Qatar's World Exposition Pavilion at the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, Ball pit of the type provided for children's entertainment in shopping malls, Some entertainments, such as at large festivals (whether religious or secular), concerts, clubs, parties and celebrations, involve big crowds. "[39] Public punishment as entertainment lasted until the 19th century by which time "the awesome event of a public hanging aroused the[ir] loathing of writers and philosophers". "[89] The Americans first "contrived a way of producing an illusion of motion through successive images," but "the French were able to transform a scientific principle into a commercially lucrative spectacle". Animation, for example, which involves the display of rapid movement in an art work, is one of these techniques that particularly appeals to younger audiences. [178] Others include fandom and interactive storytelling as well as the way that single franchises are distributed through and affect a range of delivery methods. [14][2], In June 2009, ABC Entertainment announced a new organization, effective immediately as ABC Entertainment Group, while consolidating back office functions like business affairs, distribution and scheduling of ABC Studios and ABC Entertainment and retaining separate creative units. [138] A comparable multi-stage, long-form sport with global appeal is the Tour de France, unusual in that it takes place outside of special stadia, being run instead in the countryside.[139]. Among the organisations set up to advocate for the rights of animals are some whose concerns include the use of animals for entertainment. He exited the company in 2009 after 18 years when WMA was going through the regulatory process to finalize their merger with Endeavor to form WME Entertainment. Court entertainment often moved from being associated with the court to more general use among commoners. Audience applauding a performance of Cavalleria Rusticana by Pietro Mascagni (2011) Technological developments in the 20th century, especially in the area of mass media, meant that entertainment could be produced independently of the audience, packaged and sold on a commercial basis by an entertainment industry. They can be played alone, in teams, or online; by amateurs or by professionals. Storytelling, music, theatre, dance and games are recognisably the same as in earlier centuries. Buildings, history and sacred spaces are thus made into commodities for purchase. One of the most famous venues in the Western world, the Colosseum, "dedicated AD 80 with a hundred days of games, held fifty thousand spectators," and in it audiences "enjoyed blood sport with the trappings of stage shows". Storytelling is an ancient form of entertainment that has influenced almost all other forms. For example, composers Rimsky-Korsakov, Ravel and Szymanowski have each been inspired by the Scheherazade story and turned it into an orchestral work; director Pasolini made a film adaptation; and there is an innovative video game based on the tale. [38] In July 2019, Disney TV Studios announced a reorganization in executive leadership. The use of animals for entertainment is sometimes controversial, especially the hunting of wild animals. Such events reinforce the relationship between ruler and ruled; between those with power and those without, serving to "dramatise the differences between ordinary families and that of the ruler". Other audiences of live performances are entertained by the ambience and the chance to participate (7, 9). Whatever their mood or primary purpose, parades attract and entertain people who watch them pass by. Having released over 1,000 films since its inception, Signature has been a very proactive and responsive business in the face of the ever-changing entertainment industry. An entertainment might go beyond gratification and produce some insight in its audience. Number games such as Sudoku and puzzle games like the Rubik's cube can develop mental prowess. The studio is the production arm of the ABC television network, and was the first incarnation of Touchstone Television, established in 1985 and renamed ABC Studios in 2007. Other projects were in the works with A&E, WE tv and TBS. Japan's unique sumo wrestling contains ritual elements that derive from its long history. Others maintain that pole vaulting was used in warfare to vault over fortress walls during battle. 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